Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a widespread and difficult to treat allergic skin disease and is a tough challenge for healthcare. In this study, we investigated whether allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) with a monomeric allergoid obtained by succinylation of ovalbumin (sOVA) is effective in a mouse model of atopic dermatitis. An experimental model of AD was reproduced by epicutaneous sensitization with ovalbumin (OVA). ASIT was performed with subcutaneous (SC) administration of increasing doses of OVA or sOVA. The levels of anti-OVA antibodies, as well as cytokines, were detected by ELISA. Skin samples from patch areas were taken for histologic examination. ASIT with either OVA or sOVA resulted in a reduction of both the anti-OVA IgE level and the IgG1/IgG2a ratio. Moreover, ASIT with sOVA increased the IFN-γ level in supernatants after splenocyte stimulation with OVA. Histologic analysis of skin samples from the sites of allergen application showed that ASIT improved the histologic picture by decreasing allergic inflammation in comparison with untreated mice. These data suggest that ASIT with a succinylated allergen represents promising approach for the treatment of AD.
Highlights
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that predominantly affects children and is characterized by skin lesions, persistent erythema, scaling, excoriations, and pruritus
We have demonstrated that chemical modification of OVA by acylation with Nvinylpyrrolidone-maleic anhydride copolymer or with succinic anhydride leads to a decline in it’s allergenicity, as measured by PCA reaction, RAST inhibition assay and basophil histamine release assay in OVA-sensitive patients [23]
Sensitization of mice to model Atopic dermatitis (AD) and OVA modification Female BALB/c mice were epicutaneously sensitized with an OVA solution (1 mg/ml) during three one-week exposures with two-week intervals (Fig 1)
Summary
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that predominantly affects children and is characterized by skin lesions, persistent erythema, scaling, excoriations, and pruritus. The disease is commonly associated with allergic rhinitis and asthma. The number of AD patients increased by 10–30% in children and 2–10% in adults in the last 30 years [1,2,3]. AD is a genetically determined skin disorder of allergic nature with deficiencies in barrier function and specific features of the immune response to allergens characterized by the PLOS ONE | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0135070. Therapy of AD with the Succinylated Allergen AD is a genetically determined skin disorder of allergic nature with deficiencies in barrier function and specific features of the immune response to allergens characterized by the PLOS ONE | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0135070 August 14, 2015
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