Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) is an Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) that is characterised by destructive inflamma- tion of the intestinal wall. Current methods for determining inflammation of the bowel are costly, time consuming and can cause discomfort to the patients. In order to address these problems, biomarker analysis of more accessible tissues is re- ceiving increasing attention. Oxidative stress has been implicated in the promotion of inflammation. Allantoin has re- cently been reported as a biomarker for oxidative stress in human serum and urine. This paper investigates allantoin as a biomarker of inflammation in a mouse model of CD. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR) spectroscopy was used to analyse allantoin in urine from the mdr1a -/- mouse which is a model of CD. The data show that the levels of al- lantoin are strongly correlated with histological injury scores of mouse colonic tissue samples. Allantoin appears to be a useful biomarker of gut inflammation, involving oxidative stress, in a mouse model of CD and may be a potential bio- marker in human CD studies.
Highlights
Crohn’s disease (CD) is an Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) that is characterised by destructive inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract
A number of two dimensional structural analysis programmes were used to identify the peaks relating to allantoin, which is shown in Fig. (3A)
The data reported here show that allantoin might represent a novel biomarker for gut inflammation, involving oxidative stress, in the mdr1a -/- gene targeted mutant mouse model
Summary
Crohn’s disease (CD) is an Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) that is characterised by destructive inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The disease is believed to be caused by a disproportionate immune response to environmental factors in people with a genetic predisposition [1,2]. This immune response has a key role in the initiation and maintenance of inflammation which characterises CD pathogenesis [3]. Several clinical investigations are required to make an accurate diagnosis of CD These investigations include invasive endoscopy, serological testing and radiological testing. They are time consuming, costly and can cause discomfort to the patients [5]. As a complement to these diagnostic methods, biomarkers offer the prospect of providing an assessment of underlying biological events that
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