Abstract
Advanced LIGO detected a significant gravitational wave signal (GW170104) originating from the coalescence of two black holes during the second observation run on January 4th, 2017. An all-sky high-energy neutrino follow-up search has been made using data from the Antares neutrino telescope, including both upgoing and downgoing events in two separate analyses. No neutrino candidates were found within pm 500 s around the GW event time nor any time clustering of events over an extended time window of pm 3 months. The non-detection is used to constrain isotropic-equivalent high-energy neutrino emission from GW170104 to less than sim {1.2}times 10^{{55}} erg for a E^{-2} spectrum. This constraint is valid in the energy range corresponding to the 5–95% quantiles of the neutrino flux [3.2 TeV; 3.6 PeV], if the GW emitter was below the Antares horizon at the alert time.
Highlights
Black holes with accretion disks can trigger relativistic outflows where high-energy (TeV–PeV) neutrinos (HENs) can be produced, if hadronic particles are accelerated within the jets [4–6]
The non-detection is used to constrain isotropic-equivalent high-energy neutrino emission from GW170104 to less than ∼ 1.2 × 1055 erg for a E−2 spectrum. This constraint is valid in the energy range corresponding to the 5–95% quantiles of the neutrino flux [3.2 TeV; 3.6 PeV], if the gravitational waves (GWs) emitter was below the Antares horizon at the alert time
No neutrino emission associated with the third confirmed binary black hole merger, GW170104 was detected in the Antares data
Summary
Black holes with accretion disks can trigger relativistic outflows where high-energy (TeV–PeV) neutrinos (HENs) can be produced, if hadronic particles are accelerated within the jets [4–6]. No neutrino counterpart was found and the results of this real-time analysis were transmitted via the Gamma-ray Coordinates Network (GCN) circular #20370 [12] to the LIGO/Virgo follow-up community in less than 24 h after the release of the alert. The absence of neutrino candidates both temporally and spatially coincident with GW170104 allowed for deriving a preliminary upper limit on the spectral fluence emitted in neutrinos by the source at 90% confidence level (CL) This upper limit is expressed as a function of the location of the source in equatorial coordinates and assuming a standard neutrino spectral model d N /d E ∝ E−2. This result was transmitted to the LIGO/Virgo follow-up community in the GCN circular.
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