All-Season Insecticide Test, 1988

Abstract

Abstract The test was carried out in an 18-yr-old block of ‘Red Delicious’ apples. Treatments were applied with a hydraulic sprayer equipped with a handgun and operated at 300 psi. Application dates were 27 Apr, pink (P); 23 May, late petal fall to early first cover (IC); 10-11 Jun, second cover (2C); 27-29 Jun, third cover (3C); 28-29 Jul, fourth cover (4C); and 25 Aug, fifth cover (5C). The single-tree plots, replicated 4 times, were arranged in a randomized complete block design. For disease control the entire orchard was sprayed with Polyram as needed. Data were transformed to log(x + 1) or x + 1 or arcsine x prior to ANOVA and comparison of means using DMRT. Sampling methods were as follows: ERM, motile stages/leaf as determined from a pooled sample of 15 leaves/tree; S. punctum, average number larvae, pupae, and adults/3-min count/tree; AA, average AA/terminal based on 10 most infested terminals/tree; RAA, average RAA colonies/tree; STLM average mines/5-min count/tree; WALH, average percentage of leaves showing leafhopper damage (based on 500 leaves/tree); OFM, CM (new, very recent entries), LR (mainly redbanded leafroller), SJS, EASF, and PC, average number damaged fruit/100 fruit/tree; yield, average lb fruit/tree; russet, average percentage of surface russetted (based on 100 fruit/tree); soluble solids (SS), average percentage soluble solids (based on 100 fruit/tree); pressure, average fruit firmness (psi) (based on 100 fruit/tree); diameter, average inches (based on 100 fruit/tree).