Abstract
A magnetic fluid (MF)-based magnetic field sensor with a filling-splicing fiber structure is proposed. The sensor realizes Mach–Zehnder interference by an optical fiber cascade structure consisting of single mode fiber (SMF), multimode fiber (MMF), and single-hole-dual-core fiber (SHDCF). The core in the cladding and the core in the air hole of SHDCF are used as the reference and sensing light path, respectively, and the air hole of SHDCF is filled with magnetic fluid to realize magnetic field measurement based on magnetic controlled refractive index (RI) characteristics. The theoretical feasibility of the proposed sensing structure is verified by Rsoft simulation, the optimized length of SHDCF is determined by optical fiber light transmission experiment, and the SHDCFs are well fused without collapse through the special parameter setting. The results show that the sensitivity of the sensor is −116.1 pm/Gs under a magnetic field of 0~200 Gs with a good long-term operation stability. The proposed sensor has the advantages of high stability, fast response, simple structure, and low cost, which has development potential in the field of miniaturized magnetic field sensing.
Highlights
Magnetic field measurement is of great significance in various fields, such as biomedical, aerospace, military war, the construction of electrical equipment, and so on [1,2,3]
A magnetic field sensor based on Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) fabricated by filling-splicing is proposed in this paper
The single-hole-dual-core fiber (SHDCF) is fused after filling Magnetic fluid (MF) in the air hole to ensure that the MF is in a completely enclosed space, which makes the sensor stable
Summary
Magnetic field measurement is of great significance in various fields, such as biomedical, aerospace, military war, the construction of electrical equipment, and so on [1,2,3]. In 2018, Bao et al [16] designed a phase-shifting fiber Bragg grating magnetic field sensor with micro-slit, with sensitivity of 2.42 pm/Oe and the measurement range of 0~120 Oe. In 2019, Zhang et al [17] proposed a tapered optical fiber Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) magnetic field sensor with a sensitivity of 71.98 pm/Oe and 0.11 dB/Oe at 40~120 Oe. In 2019, Zhou et al [18] demonstrated an optical fiber magnetic field sensing system based on SPR with a sensitivity of 303 pm/Gs. In the above literature, the method of gluing-immersing MF was used in preparation of the sensor, which is simple to operate, but generally requires the use of capillary tubes for packing MF, and it has disadvantages including a high dosage of MF, relatively large volume, and long response time. The transmission spectrum of proposed sensor is blue shifted with the magnetic field intensity increase in the range of 0~200 Gs, and the sensitivity is −116.1 pm/Gs
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