Abstract
In the present work are presented data collected in the scientific literature regarding the aphelion and the perihelion of some celestial bodies and based on the first law of Kepler are determined the elliptic equations that describe their trajectories around the Sun. Using Newton's binomial and basic concepts of energy conservation and angular momentum of a system, can be obtained the maximum velocity of the each celestial body here analyzed as a function of the eccentricity of the elliptical orbit and it axis. Obtaining the orbital time of each of these celestial bodies and the length of their trajectories around the Sun, their average orbital velocity was calculated using the kinematics of the motion. The results obtained using this simplified methodology are good in agreement with those published by astronomers.
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