Algal magnetic nickel oxide nanocatalyst in accelerated synthesis of pyridopyrimidine derivatives

Javad Moavi,Mohammad Hosein Sayahi,Foad Buazar

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-85832-z

Javad Moavi, Mohammad Hosein Sayahi + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-85832-z

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Abstract

This research presents a novel biological route for the biosynthesis of nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) using marine macroalgae extract as a reducing and coating agent under optimized synthesis conditions. XRD and TEM analyses revealed that phytosynthesized NiO NPs are crystalline in nature with a spherical shape having a mean particle size of 32.64 nm. TGA results indicated the presence of marine-derived organic constituents on the surface of NiO NPs. It is found that biogenic NiO NPs with BET surface area of 45.59 m2g−1 is a highly efficient catalyst for benign one-pot preparation of pyridopyrimidine derivatives using aqueous reaction conditions. This environmentally friendly procedure takes considerable advantages of shorter reaction times, excellent product yields (up to 96%), magnetically viable nanocatalyst (7 runs), low catalyst loadings, and free toxic chemical reagents.

Highlights

This research presents a novel biological route for the biosynthesis of nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) using marine macroalgae extract as a reducing and coating agent under optimized synthesis conditions
No sensible changes have been observed in peak position when the sample stored up to six months in the laboratory, indicating high stability of bioproduced NiO NPs in aqueous green media
The advent of strong characteristic vibrations at 525 and 685 cm-1 indicates Ni–O bonds in the fingerprint r egion[24,48]. These results show the interaction of algal electron donor biomolecules with nickel cations maybe lead to the reduction as well as coating as-prepared NiO NPs

Summary

Introduction

This research presents a novel biological route for the biosynthesis of nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) using marine macroalgae extract as a reducing and coating agent under optimized synthesis conditions. It is found that biogenic NiO NPs with BET surface area of 45.59 m2g−1 is a highly efficient catalyst for benign one-pot preparation of pyridopyrimidine derivatives using aqueous reaction conditions This environmentally friendly procedure takes considerable advantages of shorter reaction times, excellent product yields (up to 96%), magnetically viable nanocatalyst (7 runs), low catalyst loadings, and free toxic chemical reagents. A vast majority of the heterogeneous and homogenous catalysts are pertinent to transition metal nanoparticles due to their unprecedented physicochemical p roperties[12,13,14,15] Among these tremendous efforts, nickel oxide nanoparticles have been developed as an efficient catalyst in the chemical synthesis of a wide range of valuable organic compounds such as spiro and condensed indole derivatives[16], aromatic heterocycle17, 5-substituted 1 h-tetrazoles18, quinolines[19], spirooxindoles 20, polyhydroquinolines, and sulfoxidation[21]. It is worth mention that the plant-assisted bioreduction strategy for NiO NPs fabrication has received glob attention as a renewable and sustainable s upplier[23,24,25]

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