Abstract
This experiment investigated the role of alcohol, expectancy, and cognitive labeling in producing positive emotional changes following moderate alcohol consumption. In a 2 X 2 X 2 factorial design, 96 male normal drinkers were (a) given either an alcoholic (.45 g ethanol/kg body weight) or a nonalcoholic beverage, (b) instructed that they were either receiving an alcoholic or a nonalcoholic beverage, and (c) either informed or not informed of common physical sensations that result from a moderate dose of alcohol. Subjects were then exposed to humorous stimuli and their laughter and self-reports of mood were measured. Hypotheses based on extensions to alcohol intoxication of the cognitive-attributional components of Schachter's theory of emotion were not supported. Although both instructing subjects that they had received alcohol and actually administering alcohol increased subjects' reports of positive affect, only the beverage content instructions influenced subjects' laughter. The findings are discussed in terms of their implications for current conceptualizations of the emotional and behavioral effects of alcohol consumption.
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