Abstract
To investigate the effect of aluminum on the properties of high carbon steels containing 1% carbon and 1.4% chromium, the authors measured the critical point, the hardenability, the quenched and tempered hardness, the retained austenite, the hot hardness, the dilatation and the electron-microscopic structures. The results obtained were as follows: (1) The critical point is raised with the aluminium and the silicon content. A full hardness of 65 Rockwell C is obtained by oil-quenching from 840°C for 1% aluminium steel and 870°C for 1% aluminium-1% silicon steel. (2) The rate of softening with tempering temperature decreases in the steels between 200° and 350°C, and the magnitude of this decrease in softening rate is related to the aluminium content. In fact the rate of softening becomes nil at about 300°C in the steels which contain 1% or more aluminium and silicon, and these steels have the hardness of Rockweel C 60 after tempering at 350°C. (3) From the results of dilatometer test, it is found that the temperature at which the third stage contraction can be detected is raised with the aluminium or the silicon content. (4) It is estimated that the operating temperature of 1% carbon, 1.4% chromium steel can be raised about 50°∼100°C by the increase of aluminium content from 0.02 to 1.0%.
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