Aktivitas Repelensi dan Insektisidal Beberapa Ekstrak dan Minyak Nabati terhadap Hama Gudang Ephestia cautella

Abstract

<p>Ephestia cautella<em> is one </em><em>type </em><em>of storage pest</em><em>s</em><em> that causes a decrease in cocoa bean</em><em> </em><em>quality. Control of th</em><em>is</em><em> pest using chemical insecticides is not recommended because it is harmful to the environment and consumer health. The research aimed to </em><em>examine</em><em> the repellency and insecticidal activity of several types of extract and botanical oil </em><em>against</em><em> </em>E. cautella<em> larvae. The </em><em>research was</em><em> conducted </em><em>in</em><em> the Plant Protection Laboratory, Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute, </em><em>from </em><em>March to November 2012. </em><em>Botanical</em><em> materials used </em><em>were</em><em> water extracts from </em>Ageratum conyzoides<em> leaves, </em>Azadirachta indica<em> seeds, </em><em>and </em>Allium sativum<em> tubers, as well as oil from </em>Reutalis trisperma<em>, </em>Syzygium aromaticum<em>, and </em>Andropogon nardus<em>, </em><em>with respective</em><em> concentration of 0.5%. The insects test used was the 3rd instar larvae </em><em>generated</em><em> in the laboratory. </em><em>P</em><em>reliminary testing </em><em>of the </em><em>repellency activity was performed </em><em>used the</em><em> multiple</em><em>-</em><em>choice method, while subsequent testing used the dual</em><em>-</em><em>choice method with the parameter</em><em>s</em><em> of larvae </em><em>number remains i</em><em>n each treatment until 72 hours. The insecticidal activity was conducted using residual </em><em>method </em><em>on the feed substitute, by calculating mortality rate of the test insects. Observations were made at 24, 48, and 72 hours after treatment. The results showed that water extract </em><em>from</em><em> </em>A. sativum<em> bulbs and </em>A. conyzoides<em> leaves have high repellency percentage on the </em>E. cautella<em> larvae, i.e. </em><em>of </em><em>81.33% and 78.67%, respectively. Thus, the</em><em>se</em><em> two vegetable extracts have the potential to be </em><em>used as cocoa bean protectant </em><em>from </em><em>storage pest </em><em>attack</em><em>s.</em><em> The extract</em><em>s</em><em> </em><em>from</em><em> </em>A. indica<em> seed, </em>A. sativum<em> bulbs, as well as</em><em> oil from</em><em> </em>R. trisperma<em> and </em>S. aromaticum<em> showed insecticidal properties that are able to kill </em>E. cautella<em> larvae.</em><em></em></p>