Abstract
Crop-livestock system implies in the balance of appropriate animal foraging, minimizing effects on grain production on the same crop season. This study aims to assess canopy heights (20 and 30 cm) and cuts number (no cut, 1, 2 and 3 cuts) effects on wheat productivity and bromatological composition of forage, and grain yield of BRS Umbu and BRS Tarumã cultivars. Regardless cuts number and cultivars, 30 cm provided higher forage productivity (1032 and 1348 kg DM ha-1) than 20 cm (554 and 909 kg DM ha-1), for BRS Umbu and Tarumã, respectively, in average crop seasons. For both cultivars and crop seasons, mean values of 26% crude protein, 55% neutral detergent fiber and 26% acid detergent fiber were obtained. At 20 cm no difference in grain yield was observed as a function of cuts number with 3780 kg ha-1 for BRS Umbu, in average crop seasons and 4306 kg ha-1 in 2014, for BRS Tarumã. However, at 30 cm, the grain yield was penalized at least in 30% as a result only third cut. These results indicate that wheat as dual-purpose can be employed in southern Brazil in grazing systems in forage shortage times and then produce grains without yield penalties as a function to the management used.
Highlights
In southern Brazil one of the biggest limitations to livestock farming is forage lack in period from fall to early winter; a time when the summer forage species reduced productivity, and winter forage species are still not satisfactorily developed
BRS Umbu, potentially targets for cutting-hay and silage, large dry matter productivity, which reaches up 10 tons ha-1
The spike in this cultivar lack awns, and do not cause irritation for esophageal mucosa (LEHMEN et al, 2014). This cultivar displays high grain yield, reaching 3.47 tons ha-1 (MEINERZ et al, 2011), which is of interest as this plant fraction has great energy content
Summary
In southern Brazil one of the biggest limitations to livestock farming is forage lack in period from fall to early winter; a time when the summer forage species reduced productivity, and winter forage species are still not satisfactorily developed. The spike in this cultivar lack awns, and do not cause irritation for esophageal mucosa (LEHMEN et al, 2014) This cultivar displays high grain yield, reaching 3.47 tons ha-1 (MEINERZ et al, 2011), which is of interest as this plant fraction has great energy content. Due to lack of information and management tools complexity, it is necessary a refinement of management recommendations for dual-purpose wheat cultivars with different growth habits, highlighting the use of more practical management tools, such as plant height. This study aims to assess canopy heights and cuts number effects on wheat agronomic characteristics such as forage productivity, bromatological composition, and grain yield of BRS Umbu and BRS Tarumã cultivars
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