Agronomic performance of 'Valência' orange combined with 13 rootstocks in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Marines Batalha Moreno Kirinus,Caroline Farias Barreto,Walter Dos Santos Soares Filho,Pricila Santos Da Silva,Marcelo Barbosa Malgarim,Roberto Pedroso De Oliveira

doi:10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2019.v54.00461

Marines Batalha Moreno Kirinus, Caroline Farias Barreto + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2019.v54.00461

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Abstract

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic performance of 'Valência' sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) tree, in combination with 13 rootstocks cultivated in soil and climate conditions of the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul. The following agronomic variables were evaluated: scion height and volume, plant production, production efficiency, productivity, fruit diameter, fruit mass, peel mass, juice yield, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, soluble solids:acidity ratio, ascorbic acid, peel color, antioxidant capacity, and phenolic compounds. A randomized complete block experimental design was used, with three replicates and nine plants per plot, in a two-factor arrangement (13 rootstocks and the 2015 and 2016 harvests). The following rootstocks stood out: TSKC × TRDP-023 for its juice yield (54.0 and 51.7%), soluble solids:acidity ratio (8.66 and 6.99), and ascorbic acid (49.3 and 51 mg 100 g-1); and the citrandarin 'San Diego', for its higher phenolic-compound content (106.4 and 74.9 100 g-1 gallic acid), coloration (76.2 and 75.9 hº), and ascorbic acid (42.2 and 44.7 mg 100 g-1). The TSKC × TRDP-026 and TSKC × CTQT1434-004 rootstocks induce canopy formation and productive precocity in 'Valência' orange trees grown in the southern region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul state, in the first few years of growth.

Highlights

Brazil occupies a notable position within global citriculture, with an annual production of 16 million tonnes
The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic performance of 'Valência' sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) tree, in combination with 13 rootstocks cultivated in soil and climate conditions of the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul
The TSKC × TRDP-026 and TSKC × CTQT1434-004 rootstocks induce canopy formation and productive precocity in 'Valência' orange trees grown in the southern region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul state, in the first few years of growth

Summary

Introduction

Brazil occupies a notable position within global citriculture, with an annual production of 16 million tonnes. Sweet oranges [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] are notable; and Brazil accounts for 30% of its global production whose primary focus is juice export (IBGE, 2014). 'Valência' is the main sweet orange cultivated on a global level (Fundecitrus, 2017), and it is highly adapted to the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul (Cunha Sobrinho et al, 2013). Citrus production in the South of Brazil amounts to approximately 1.654 million tonnes, out of which 504 thousand tonnes (27%) come from Rio Grande do Sul (IBGE, 2014). Rootstock choice affects the content of bioactive compounds in citrus fruits (Legua et al, 2014). These compounds exhibit antioxidant properties that are beneficial to human health

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