Agronomic Performance in Low Phytic Acid Field Peas.

Donna L Lindsay,Ambuj B Jha,Thomas D Warkentin,Raymond Glahn,Gene Arganosa

doi:10.3390/plants10081589

Abstract

Field pea is a pulse that delivers high protein content, slowly digestible starch and fiber, and many vitamins and minerals, including iron. Naturally occurring plant phytic acid molecules bind iron, lowering its availability for absorption during digestion. Two low phytic acid (lpa) pea lines, 1-2347-144 and 1-150-81, developed by our group had 15% lower yield and 6% lower seed weight relative to their progenitor cultivar. Subsequently, we crossed the two lpa lines and two cultivars, and derived 19 promising lpa pea breeding lines; here we document their agronomic performance based on 10 replicated field trials in Saskatchewan. Seventeen of these lpa lines yielded greater than 95% of the check mean (associated cultivars) and 16 were above 98% of the check mean for 1000 seed weight. The 19 lpa lines showed 27 to 55% lower phytic acid concentration than the check mean. Iron concentrations were similar in all the lpa lines and cultivars, yet the Caco-2 human cell culture assay revealed 14 of the 19 lpa lines had 11 to 55% greater iron bioavailability than check means. Thus, a single round of plant breeding has allowed for closing the gap in performance of low phytic acid pea.

Highlights

As a pulse, field pea (Pisum sativum L.) has the potential to be a high protein, lowinput contributor to meeting the increasing food demands of a growing global population.In 2020, the Canadian field pea harvest was estimated at 4.6 MT, approximately 24.5%higher than the 10-year average of 3.7 MT and Saskatchewan led provincial harvest with2.5 MT [1]
Analysis of variance was conducted on the combined data of 24 pea lines (19 low phytic acid breeding lines, 4 check cultivars (CDC Bronco, Crop Development Centre (CDC) Raezer, CDC Limerick, and CDC Amarillo), and one lpa mutant (1-2347-144))
These lines were evaluated at 10 station years from 2017 to 2020 at Kamsack, Meath Park, Rosthern, and Saskatoon locations in Saskatchewan, Canada

Summary

Introduction

Field pea (Pisum sativum L.) has the potential to be a high protein, lowinput contributor to meeting the increasing food demands of a growing global population.In 2020, the Canadian field pea harvest was estimated at 4.6 MT, approximately 24.5%higher than the 10-year average of 3.7 MT and Saskatchewan led provincial harvest with2.5 MT [1]. Field pea (Pisum sativum L.) has the potential to be a high protein, lowinput contributor to meeting the increasing food demands of a growing global population. An essential first step to increasing macro and micronutrients in our food is to care for our soils and be sure nutrients are present for plants to incorporate in their tissues [4]. While increasing the content of micronutrients in plants, referred to as biofortification, is a common approach for improving nutritional quality of food [6], another strategy is limiting the action of molecules that can negatively impact nutrient bioavailability. A naturally occurring plant molecule, has been recognized in pulses, including peas, since 1903 [7]. The phosphorus-based molecule phytic acid strongly chelates mineral elements into the insoluble salt phytate, rendering the nutrients inaccessible during digestion by humans and other monogastric animals

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