Abstract
The results of many years of research on propagation of promising forms of clonal stocks of apple trees of the Michurinsk State Agrarian University selection in the mother plantation by stooling, by herbaceous cuttings and by clonal micropropagation are presented. According to the complex of economic and biological features, promising clonal rootstocks of an apple tree with high shoot-forming capacity in the mother plant were identified: dwarf apple trees 2-3-49, 2-15-2, 2-15-15, 3-4-7, 5-21-27; semi dwarf apple trees 2-3-14, 2-9-49, 2-9-102, 2-12-10, 5-24-1, 5-27-1. The rootstocks that are promising for propagation by herbaceous cuttings – 2-3-14, 2-3-49, 2-12-10, 2-15-15, 3-4-7, 5-21-93; at the same time, treatment with exogenous promoters such as IBA and NAA at a concentration of 50 mg/l increases the yield and quality of stock material. A modified MSO nutrient medium with the addition of 0.5-1.0 mg/l of 6-BAP and 0.1-0.2 mg/l of IBA is selected for the clonal micropropagation of apple stocks.
Highlights
A lot of attention is paid to production and consumption of fruits and berries as the most important components of a healthy diet
The main fruit crop for the middle gardening zone of Russia is an apple tree, which is associated with extensive experience in growing, a detailed study of the biology and high ecological plasticity of this crop [6, 7]
Upon receiving and further study of new varieties and clonal stocks, molecular genetic methods of analysis and biotechnology methods are increasingly used, which significantly accelerate the process of selection and reproduction of valuable genotypes [15,16,17,18]
Summary
A lot of attention is paid to production and consumption of fruits and berries as the most important components of a healthy diet. In Russia, the area of new intensive plantations of fruit and berry crops has significantly increased [1,2,3,4]. In this regard, creation and expanded introduction of new varieties with high-quality fruits is the main goal of many breeding programs [5]. Of particular relevance and importance is the selection of dwarf clonal stocks of the apple tree, and their accelerated reproduction in various ways acceptable for each particular zone and farm
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