Влияние различной обработки на укореняемость зеленых черенков клоновых подвоев сливы ОП 23-23 и ВСЛ 2 в условиях искусственного тумана

Abstract

The technology of plant propagation by herbaceous cuttings is one of the most promising methods of vegetative reproduction. Herbaceous cuttings make it possible to obtain own-root plants in sufficient quantities. Such scientists as M.T. Tarasenko, V.V. Faustov, F. Ya. Polikarpova, E.G. Samoshchenkov, V.K. Bakun, V.A. Maslova, L.P., Skali and others made a great contribution to the development of this technology. The basis of the technology of herbaceous cuttings is the natural ability of plants to restore lost organs or parts – regeneration, it gives an opportunity to obtain plants from leafy stem cuttings after the formation of their adventitious roots. The manifestation of regeneration is not uniform and largely depends on various factors, such as life form, genetic characteristics, age and condition of the mother plant, rooting conditions, etc. Herbaceous cuttings allow obtaining high results only when using proven techniques for growing different crops, while the industrial reproduction of promising varieties and rootstocks for them still remains an urgent task requiring the search for new solutions. The aim of the work was to study the effect of different types of pre-planting treatments of green cuttings of clonal rootstocks OP 23–23 and V 2 and substrate on the rooting ability of cuttings (number of 1st order roots, pcs. and length, cm) and their growth indices (length, cm) under conditions of artificial fog. As a result of the research, new data were obtained on ways to increase the rooting ability of herbaceous cuttings. The best results were obtained by treatment of cuttings with IBA, disinfection of substrate (fungicide Maxim – 2 ml/l), treatment with antitranspirants, disinfection of cuttings before planting (UV – 24 hours, Belizna 50 – ml/l), soaking in fertiliser solution (Extrasol – 10 ml/l, Humate+7 Iodine – 1 g/l), pre-lighting with red light. The positive effect of encapsulating the basal part of the cuttings on increasing the yield of planting material has been demonstrated. The only disadvantage of this technique is the need for manual labour, which can be solved quite successfully with the right organization of the process.