AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT BASED ON POLYPLOIDIZATION: A PERSPECTIVE CONTRIBUTION OF MINOR CROPS

Abstract

Polyploidization is commonly known to become a vital process to succeed in developing potential crops. In the plant kingdom, the polyploids, i.e., aneuploidy and polyploidy, are generally developed through sexual and asexual pathways, resulting in totally increasing biomass, phytochemical compounds, and adaptation to detrimental environment. For more precision, thousands of polyploidy plant species adapted to various climatic and topographic conditions through genomic evolution. Autopolyploid, allopolyploid, and aneuploidy, as well as, different levels of ploidy are simply found in vegetables, such as, potatoes, and among fruits, i.e., bananas, watermelon, and so on. Contrastingly, in mammals, polyploidization causes congenital diseases and pregnancy loss, especially in human beings. This review article will first describe polyploidization in plants and then enumerate the advantages of its beneficial effects that are more valuable. The paper also intends to introduce new knowledge on polyploidization in crop breeding. Thus, it has further mentioned the polyploid like aneuploidy and polyploidy in a perspective contribution of minor crops in plant kingdoms and their beneficial and detrimental effects in the development of crop strategies.