AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT BASED ON CRISPR-CAS9 AND RETRONs TECHNIQUES: A PERSPECTIVE APPLICATION ON TOMATO

Abstract

Plant breeding has recently become a vital process in developing desired crop plants. Advances in genetic engineering occur more quickly than ever, with several crops generally created through traditional and modern techniques resulting in increased biomass and phytochemical compounds and adapted to the detrimental environment, such as biotic and abiotic stresses. More precisely, thousands of plant species gained enhancements suitable to various climatic and topographic conditions through genome editing; hence, people’s dreams soon became a reality by implementing biotechnology to study many well-established fundamental grounds. Beliefs that biotechnology will progressively develop are happening in various aspects of modern sciences for crop development to be implemented based on genetic material. Besides the aforementioned benefits, this review manuscript will describe the progress of genome editing like CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated protein 9) with its modification and Retrons in crops and then determine its beneficial effects, which are more valuable through the application of these methods in crop development. The review further aims to assess the perspective application of CRISPR-Cas9 in the development strategies of virus-resistant tomatoes.