Agramatyzm w afazji

Abstract

Aphasic disorders in producing the grammatical from of word are interpreted from two perspectives: 1) as neutralization (abolishing) of inflection and 2) deficit of elements that perform grammatical functions in a sentence, and the wrong use of inflectional morphemes. The adoption of the assumption about neutralization of inflectional morphemes compels us to emphasize in the grammatical description of utterances of aphasic patients the manifestations of reduction of functional oppositions between different grammatical categories, the neutralization of grammatical markingof inflected words, and the tendency to produce basic forms of words. The adoption of the hypothesis about the destabilized grammatical system makes it necessary to present in the description all manifestations of grammatical marking of words in the utterances of aphasic patients, which allows us to say that patients are able to produce all inflectional morphemes existing in Polish but they use them in the wrong contexts, interchangeably with correct forms. The results of my studies have shown that the context of occurrence of agrammatisms can be varied. Agrammatisms occur moreoften in the environment that explicitly implies the grammatical functions of the incorrectly used construction; they are found less often in obligatory contexts when the language environment does not indicate the grammatical function of the words used. This observation suggests the conclusionthat aphasic patients are able to produce a communicative text, with the reduction of the grammatical marking of utterances. In light of the foregoing findings aphasic agrammatisms are of selective nature depending on the degree of relevance of grammatical exponents of the function and meaningof text words.