Abstract

Age and Gender Influence Differently on Various Foods Intakes, Body Mass Index (BMI), and Levels of Various Plasma Parameters in Young and Old Men and Women in Japan

Highlights

  • Sex and gender are basic variables in scientific research in health and disease [1,2,3]

  • We have shown that there were no relationships between the intakes of sucrose and sweet beverage with Body Mass Index (BMI), fasting glucose levels or plasma levels of triglyceride [11,12]

  • We showed that Glycemic index (GI) is very much different between old and young men even if the same foods with distinct structures are given, and insulin release to increase in glucose in young men is more sensitive than old men even if the same foods with distinct structures are given [13]

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Summary

Introduction

Sex and gender are basic variables in scientific research in health and disease [1,2,3]. It is widely known that mortality rate increases with age and that women live longer than men. Obesity is a risk factor of mortality [4], and influences of various food intakes on health and longevity have been documented well. A range of dietary patterns promote health and has been shown to reduce risk of chronic disease [5]. Some papers supported LCHF diets [6,7] dietary advices of the reduction of saturated fat, free sugars, and sodium and increased intake of whole grain cereals and fibers are recommended [8]. Age and gender effects of various foods intakes on BMI (body mass index) or plasma levels of various factors such as glucose, insulin, and lipids have not been elucidated. We tried to examine these effects in Japanese young and old men and women

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