AFFIXATION AS THE WAY OF LINGUISTIC METALANGUAGE TERM FORMATION DURING MIDDLE AND NEW POLISH PERIODS

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to compare the features of the affixational method of the Polish linguistic terminology formation in the Middle Polish period (15th century – 80's of 18th century) and the New Polish period (80's of 18th century – 1939). The object of the research is the linguistic terminology of the Middle Polish and New Polish periods, recorded in Polish sources (lexicographic, scientific and methodical, educational). The subject is the peculiarities of affixational term formation in the system of the Polish linguistic terminology in the Middle Polish and New Polish periods. The research methods (descriptive, comparative, continuous selection method, quantitative calculations, component, morphemic, wordformation analyses) provide realization of the set goal. The most productive varieties of the affixational method of term formation in both periods was suffixation, represented by various formants. There is a certain typing in the creation of special lexical units in the Middle Polish period. For example, using the suffixes -nie, -nik, -ciel, the use of which indicates the connection with the commonly used vocabulary. In the New Polish period, the suffixes -ik, -nik, which formed the names of the tools or bearers of rice, -nie, -enie, which denoted the names and / or results of actions, -nia, -ownia with the meaning of the collectivity, were used frequently. Prefixation and confixation have low level of productivity and are represented by a small number of special lexical units; however, they became more popular in the New Polish period, which is explained by the development and deepening of knowledge in the linguistics branches. We can conclude that affixation was a productive way of term formation, which facilitated the replacement of descriptive constructions with one-word names that met the basic requirements for term formation. The perspectives of the study can be seen in the in-depth, comparative study of term formation methods while including actual material from other Slavic languages.