Abstract
The article presents the results of studies (2014-2016) concerning the assessment of the use of growth regulators (Energia-M, Vigor Forte, Atonik Plus) in combination with irrigation in the field experiment during potato cultivation (Udacha variety). The study was conducted in the Ilek district of the Orenburg region, Krasnokholmskaya Agro-firm. The soil was residual meadow southern chernozem. According to the effectiveness of impact on potato yield in southern chernozem of the Orenburg region, the factors were as follows: irrigation provided yield increase from 40% (without fertilizers) to 65…66% (NPK + Regulators); mineral fertilizers provided yield increase from 41% (without irrigation) to 59% (with irrigation); growth regulators on optimal variants provided yield increase: Vigor Forte / Atonik (tubers + plants) - 12…13% for bogharic agriculture; 16…19% with irrigation to the corresponding mineral ground. The maximum yield of potatoes under irrigation was obtained on variants with 2-fold application of Atonic and Vigor Forte growth regulators (tubers + plants) - 44.2…44.5 t/ha, an increase to the mineral fertilizing (N100P120K100) - 17.9…18.6%. The optimum soil moisture was 70…75% FC in the irrigated area. This increased the payback of 1 kg NPK due to an increase in yield from 19.6 kg (mineral fertilizing, bogharic agriculture) to 55.6…67.2 kg of tubers (combination of NPK, irrigation and regulators). Water consumption decreased from 212 m3/t (mineral fertilizing) to 140…145 m3/t (combination of mineral fertilizers and plant growth regulators).
Highlights
IntroductionHydrothermal conditions, and biological features of the cultivated crop are the leading factors determining productivity of agrocenosis [1,2,3,4]
Potential soil fertility, hydrothermal conditions, and biological features of the cultivated crop are the leading factors determining productivity of agrocenosis [1,2,3,4].Potato cultivation on an industrial scale in regions with a deficit of rainfall is beneficial only under irrigation conditions, since potatoes produce a stable crop with sufficient moisture [2, 5, 6]
According to the effectiveness of impact on potato yield in southern chernozem of the Orenburg region, the factors were as follows: irrigation provided yield increase from 40% to 65...66% (NPK + Regulators); mineral fertilizers provided yield increase from 41% to 59%; growth regulators on optimal variants provided yield increase: Vigor Forte / Atonik — 12...13% for bogharic agriculture; 16...19% with irrigation to the corresponding mineral ground
Summary
Hydrothermal conditions, and biological features of the cultivated crop are the leading factors determining productivity of agrocenosis [1,2,3,4]. Potato cultivation on an industrial scale in regions with a deficit of rainfall is beneficial only under irrigation conditions, since potatoes produce a stable crop with sufficient moisture [2, 5, 6]. The damage from drought is enormous: 1972 and 2010 served as a vivid example, in the first case, shortage of potato production in the USSR amounted to 9 million tons, and in 2010 9 million tons were not received only in Russia [3].
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