Abstract

The adverse outcome pathway (AOP) concept is a theoretical framework that describes the activity of a chemical from its initial interaction with a biological system (the molecular initiating event) through a series of intermediate events to the eventual toxic response (adverse outcome). The AOP approach allows the integration of information from all levels of biological organization; the more information is integrated, the more useful the AOP. AOPs can inform chemical grouping, chemical prioritization, and integrated testing strategies, and ultimately improve the efficiency and certainty of risk assessment, allowing the transformation of toxicology from an empirical to a predictive science.

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