Abstract

The transportation electrification process is rapidly demanding for drivers with enhanced performance. Modern systems are moving from fossil fuel technologies toward hybrid and fully electric solutions. Consequently, in automotive and motorcycle sectors the complete electrification process requires significant power and energy capabilities, and high efficiency. Also, to minimize the mechanical power loss and save the battery energy, the weight and volume of the vehicle have to be minimized. These features are significantly stressed in race applications, where the power density of the drive and its efficiency has to push the limits of state of the art. In this work, a multiphase machine with dual rotor architecture is employed, aiming at maximizing the performance of a full electric motorcycle (E-Bike). In particular, it is already known that in multi-phase machines it is possible to inject high frequency current component to increase the power density of the drive. Therefore, the analytical model for the injection of a third harmonic in the currents waveforms is presented for a case study of E-Bike featuring a dual rotor with Halback permanent magnet array. The third current harmonic is injected keeping the same peak current, when compared with the control technique without injection. The three-phase and multiphase winding layout of the machine are compared with and without current injection control by means of analytical equations. Finally, finite element results are shown in order to validate the model, the advantage of the multiphase winding and the current injection technique.

Highlights

  • In transport applications the electrical machines torque capability is a very important aspect to be considered

  • This paper proposes a combination of a dual rotor, a multi-phase windings re-arrangement and the harmonic current injection technique

  • IV a comparison between three-phase and dual three-phase configurations with and without current harmonic injection is carried out showing pros and cons of the proposed solution

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Summary

INTRODUCTION

In transport applications the electrical machines torque capability is a very important aspect to be considered. This paper proposes a combination of a dual rotor, a multi-phase windings re-arrangement and the harmonic current injection technique. In [4], an analysis of a nine-phase PM machine with different current waveforms and back electro-motive force (BEMF) combinations is carried out. In [6], the third harmonic injection technique has been applied for a 9-phase machine and a rotor configuration with a highly non-sinusoidal BEMF. The proposed work aims to study how a dual three-phase systems and third current harmonic injection technique can influence the torque performance and efficiency of a dual rotor machine with fractional slots for E-Bike [7]. II, the dual three-phase configuration is presented while sec. IV a comparison between three-phase and dual three-phase configurations with and without current harmonic injection is carried out showing pros and cons of the proposed solution

Dual rotor machine characteristics
BEMF at base angular speed
Third harmonic current injection at constant peak
Magneto-motive force of the stator currents
FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSES
Analysis with only fundamental current component
Analysis with third current temporal harmonic component
Findings
CONCLUSION

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