Advancing toward a sustainable future in subtropical semi-arid type climatic zone: Iraq case - The progress of solar photovoltaic energy implementation

Abstract

The study delves into Iraq's shift towards sustainable energy, focusing on solar photovoltaic energy adoption and expansion to meet rising energy demands and the need for cleaner energy solutions. It highlights the potential of harnessing solar energy, particularly through small-scale solar PV systems, supported by incentives like net metering programs that encourage surplus energy feed-in to the grid. Using Geographic Information System data, the paper examines the spatial distribution of solar PV installations and projects the capacities of rooftop solar PV systems by 2035 under various promising scenarios. It also demonstrates the link between increased solar PV capacity and meeting national energy demands, underscoring the importance of strategic policies, technological advancements, and the engagement of consumers and businesses in driving Iraq towards a sustainable energy future. By fostering an environment conducive to solar PV adoption, the results offers valuable insights for ongoing discussions and future studies on renewable energy strategies in Iraq.