Advancing thermal stability analysis of haloperidol: Integrative approaches and optimization strategies for enhanced pharmaceutical formulations

Abstract

This study investigates the thermal stability of haloperidol, a crucial pharmaceutical compound, employing a multidimensional approach encompassing UV spectrometry, thermal degradation studies, kinetics analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The UV spectrometry method demonstrates exceptional linearity across a concentration range of 2–34 µg/ml, meeting stringent industry standards. Thermal degradation studies affirm the compound's stability when exposed to 80°C for 6 h. Kinetic analysis indicates a first-order reaction for the degradation process, with activation energy values suggesting a sluggish degradation profile under diverse heat stress conditions. FTIR analysis underscores the consistency of haloperidol's molecular structure across varying temperatures, while XRD confirms the retention of its crystalline form even under heat stress. DSC analysis unveils a melting temperature of 150°C, indicative of initial melting preceding degradation. Response surface methodology (RSM) optimization identifies the conservation conditions effects (temperature and time)to minimize degradation, a finding substantiated by predictions from the Improved Grey Wolf Optimization (IGWO) algorithm and subsequent experimental validation. Furthermore, a bespoke MATLAB application is developed to streamline and enhance the accuracy of the complex optimization processes. This tool offers advanced features for predicting and optimizing haloperidol degradation rates, catering to the needs of both researchers and industry professionals. In essence, this study not only sheds light on the thermal stability of haloperidol but also provides practical tools and insights crucial for optimizing its stability under diverse environmental conditions, thereby bolstering its pharmaceutical applicability and efficacy.