Abstract
This Editorial presents a representative collection of 10 papers, presented in the Special Issue on Advances in Water Distribution Networks (WDNs), and frames them in the current research trends. Four topics are mainly explored: simulation and optimization modelling, topology and partitioning, water quality, and service effectiveness. As for the first topic, the following aspects are dealt with: pressure-driven formulations, algorithms for the optimal location of control valves to minimize leakage, benefits of water discharge prediction for the remote real time control (RTC) of valves, and transients generated by pumps operating as turbines (PATs). In the context of the second topic, a topological taxonomy of WDNs is presented, and partitioning methods for the creation of district metered areas (DMAs) are compared. With regards to the third topic, the vulnerability to trihalomethane is assessed, and a statistical optimization model is presented to minimise heavy metal releases. Finally, the fourth topic focusses on estimation of non-revenue water (NRW), inclusive of leakage and unauthorized consumption, and on assessment of service under intermittent supply conditions.
Highlights
The research on water distribution networks (WDNs) has recently undergone important renewal and development, due to technical progress in control systems and computational resources
The Special Issue was established to point out the recent trends on WDNs, with emphasis on the opportunities introduced by technical progress for simulation, design, and management of water distribution systems
The results yielded by the formulations for low values of the nodal pressure head can be very different; Creaco and Pezzinga [41] present the comparison of two different algorithms for the optimal location of control valves for leakage reduction
Summary
The research on water distribution networks (WDNs) has recently undergone important renewal and development, due to technical progress in control systems and computational resources. As for water quantity, one of the most explored topics is undisputedly modelling [1] In this context, the extended period simulation, which represents WDN behaviour as a sequence of steady states, is by far the most widely adopted modelling tool. A water safety plan is a plan to ensure the safety of drinking water using a comprehensive risk assessment and risk management approach, which encompasses all steps in water supply from catchment to user In this context, the WDN plays an important role since it can be threatened by events of accidental and intentional contaminations [37,38,39]. Methodologies for improving water quality and estimating the vulnerability of WDNs to these compounds should be developed
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