Advances in quantifying power plant CO2 emissions with OCO-2

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We present CO 2 emission estimates for twenty power plants and related facilities in the United States, India, South Africa, Poland, Russia and South Korea, derived from space-based CO 2 observations from NASA's Orbiting Carbon Observatory 2 (OCO-2) satellite. Improvements to OCO-2 data quality and to our methodology yield improved results relative to earlier work. These new results include emission quantification for both larger and smaller power plants, the first power plant emission estimate based on ocean glint data and emissions from a small city with multiple industrial facilities. CO 2 emission estimates are compared against reported facility emissions where available, including high temporal resolution data for the eight US sites. The difference with respect to reported values for the US sites ranges from 1.4% to 26.7%, with a mean of 15.1%, although the estimated emission sum for all US sites is within 0.8% of the reported value, suggesting the errors are largely random. This finding reinforces the importance of revisit rate for future space-based emission monitoring systems and furthermore confirms that making multiple overpasses of a power plant can reduce errors to an accuracy useful to support climate policy. • We quantify CO 2 emissions from power plants using observations from NASA's OCO-2. • Sum of estimates for 8 US power plants is within 0.8% of sum of reported values. • Results reinforce importance of revisit rate for satellite CO 2 emission monitoring. • Multiple revisits per power plant can lead to CO 2 emission accuracy useful for climate policy.