Abstract
To stop blood loss and accelerate wound healing, conventional wound closure techniques such as sutures and staples are currently used in the clinic. These tissue-piercing wound closure techniques have several disadvantages such as the potential for causing inflammation, infections, and scar formation. Surgical sealants and tissue adhesives can address some of the disadvantages of current sutures and staples. An ideal tissue adhesive will demonstrate strong interfacial adhesion and cohesive strength to wet tissue surfaces. Most reported studies rely on the liquid-to-solid transition of organic molecules by taking advantage of polymerization and crosslinking reactions for improving the cohesive strength of the adhesives. Crosslinking reactions triggered using light are commonly used for increasing tissue adhesive strength since the reactions can be controlled spatially and temporally, providing the on-demand curing of the adhesives with minimum misplacements. In this review, we describe the recent advances in the field of naturally derived tissue adhesives and sealants in which the adhesive and cohesive strengths are modulated using photochemical reactions.
Highlights
More than 50 million surgical procedures are performed in the United States every year [1].Surgical tools such as sutures and staples are frequently used in the procedures to prevent the loss of air, body fluids, and blood [2,3]
Focusofon summarizing design andIndevelopment of tissue that summarize the progress a broadwe range tissue adhesivesthe this review, we focus adhesives derived from naturally occurring polymers whose adhesive or cohesive strengths are on summarizing the design and development of tissue adhesives derived from naturally occurring photochemically initiated and modulated
The photocrosslinked fibrinogen showed hemostatic activity, and showed that the crosslinked fibrinogen is safe, degrades with time,degrades and effectively healsand injured tissues the results clearly showed that the crosslinked fibrinogen is safe, with time, effectively including the skin and arteries heals injured tissues including the skin and arteries [49]
Summary
More than 50 million surgical procedures are performed in the United States every year [1]. Have been photochemical reactions such as photoinitiated free radical polymerization [16,17,18], electron transfer reported in the and literature to provide materials with(Figure tissue and adhesive capabilities. Have been reported the photochemically activated tissue adhesives involve the modification of naturally occurring literature to provide materials with tissue adhesive capabilities. Occurring polymers provide wide varieties of Several reviews are available that summarize the progress in a broad range tissue polymerexcellent backbones, biocompatibility, and bioabsorption. Focusofon summarizing design andIndevelopment of tissue that summarize the progress a broadwe range tissue adhesivesthe this review, we focus adhesives derived from naturally occurring polymers whose adhesive or cohesive strengths are on summarizing the design and development of tissue adhesives derived from naturally occurring photochemically initiated and modulated. 2-Nitrobenzaldehyde conjugated HA mixed with polymers with multiple amine groups
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