Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) comprise a set of abundant and functionally diverse RNA molecules. Since the discovery of the first ncRNA in the 1960s, ncRNAs have been shown to be involved in nearly all steps of the central dogma of molecular biology. In recent years, the pace of discovery of novel ncRNAs and their cellular roles has been greatly accelerated by high-throughput sequencing. Advances in sequencing technology, library preparation protocols as well as computational biology helped to greatly expand our knowledge of which ncRNAs exist throughout the kingdoms of life. Moreover, RNA sequencing revealed crucial roles of many ncRNAs in human health and disease. In this review, we discuss the most recent methodological advancements in the rapidly evolving field of high-throughput sequencing and how it has greatly expanded our understanding of ncRNA biology across a large number of different organisms.
Highlights
Non-coding RNAs comprise a set of abundant and functionally diverse RNA molecules
This review summarizes the recent development in ncRNA sequencing and describes the impact sequencing technology has had on the field of ncRNA biology
It was found that nearly 10% of the annotated messenger RNA (mRNA) have corresponding antisense lncRNA and lncRNA expression was positively correlated with the expression of upstream mRNAs
Summary
The central dogma of molecular biology that Francis Crick proposed in 1957 described a model for the flow of information between genes and proteins [1]. In parallel to the discoveries of diverse RNAs and their roles in the field of molecular biology, a novel technology for the determination of the sequences of nucleic acids appeared on the horizon. One major advantage that these highly different technologies have in common is the ability to produce reads that are substantially longer than usually obtained through NGS sequencing approaches [24] This is significant, because long reads substantially improve de novo assembly of sequenced genomes, aid the identification of transcript isoform as well as structural variants. Novel library preparation methods (single cell RNA sequencing [28], single cell sequencing of small non-coding RNA (sncRNA) [29], databases (RNA Atlas [30]), and newly discovered ncRNA species (tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) [31], eRNAs [32]) were dated based on their publication years.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
