Abstract
Substance misuse is influenced by multiple genetic and environmental factors. Recent research has identified a number of potential genetic markers of risk and those associated with drug reward substrates show particular promise. The current study reexamines the extant published data of the association between the D 2 dopamine receptor (DRD2) gene minor Taq 1A (A 1) allele and substance misuse risk. A series of meta-analyses was performed on 64 studies examining DRD2 A 1 + allelic status and substance misuse. In addition, personality was examined as a possible endophenotype. Significant association was found between the A 1 allele and severe substance dependence in both Caucasian and non-Caucasian groups. The data did not support a significant association between the A 1 allele and personality features. While the specific mechanism underlying these associations requires further elucidation, this genetic marker shows promise as a marker of brain reinforcement processes. Possible ways of utilising the A 1 allele to inform prevention and treatment initiatives are discussed.
Published Version
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