Abstract

The technique of capacitive electrocardiography (cECG) is very promising in a flexible manner. Already integrated into several everyday objects, the single lead cECG system has shown that easy-to-use measurements of electrocardiograms are possible without difficult preparation of the patients. Multi-channel cECG systems enable the extraction of ECG signals even in the presence of coupled interferences, due to the additional redundant information. Thus, this paper presents challenges for electronic hardware design to build on developments in recent years, going from the one-lead cECG system to multi-channel systems in order to provide robust measurements - e.g. even while driving an automobile.

Highlights

  • Cardiovascular diseases have for years been the most common cause of death (German Federal Statistical Office)

  • This paper presents an overview of the capacitive measurement method, the challenges for electronic hardware design and the developments in recent years from single lead systems to multi-channel systems for robust and reliable measurements

  • Progress in digital circuit technology in recent years has enabled the implementation of complex algorithms in reasonable modules

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Summary

Introduction

Cardiovascular diseases have for years been the most common cause of death (German Federal Statistical Office). A technique already known since 1967 through Richardson has been in the main research focus: measuring potentials with isolated electrodes [1] This capacitive measurement method is nowadays built into a range of everyday objects: office chairs [2, 3], bathtubs [4], toilet seats [5], incubators [6], cars [7,8] and beds [9]. Even a study on acceptability for medical staff and patients produced very positive results [11] This technique has not yet been marketed, perhaps because most systems use a single lead, which is less robust than conventional conductive systems. This paper presents an overview of the capacitive measurement method, the challenges for electronic hardware design and the developments in recent years from single lead systems to multi-channel systems for robust and reliable measurements

Theory of capacitive ECG measurements
Realization of capacitive ECG
Results
Conclusion

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