Abstract
This systematic review investigates recent advancements in heavy metal detection technologies, spanning from traditional techniques to innovative 3D-printed and smartphone-based approaches. Employing the PRISMA methodology, a thorough search across scientific databases identified 212 articles relevant to heavy metal detection. After screening titles, abstracts, and full-texts based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 45 studies were selected for detailed review and analysis. The review provides a comparative evaluation of detection methods by examining factors such as sensitivity, accuracy, cost-effectiveness, portability, and environmental sustainability. Traditional detection techniques, such as atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), remain the gold standard due to their high sensitivity and precision; however, they often require sophisticated equipment, controlled environments, and are resource-intensive. This review discusses the strengths and limitations of each method, highlighting the potential of novel technologies to enhance accessibility and efficiency in real-time, on-site heavy metal monitoring. Concluding insights outline future research directions aimed at optimizing detection technologies to meet evolving needs in environmental monitoring, public health, and industrial safety applications.
Published Version
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call