Advancements in Porous Metal Compounds‐Based Nanomaterials for Electrochemical Energy Conversion

Abstract

Porous nanoparticles mark a significant stride toward achieving miniaturization and harnessing nanoscale properties that nature has employed for eons. Today's chemists have transcended the role of mere observers of matter; they're now empowered to manipulate and engineer novel materials, tailoring them with precise physicochemical attributes. This transition has unlocked opportunities to craft materials with intentional properties, mirroring the efficiencies and functionalities naturally evolved over millions of years. Among them, porous nanostructures based on metals have become promising materials for next generation of electrochemical devices for energy harvesting purpose due to their outstanding characteristics at the nanoscale, such as tunable surface area and surface chemistry and strong stability under operations. The performance of porous nanostructure‐based materials and devices is mainly governed by the surface structure, composition, size, defects, and the state of their interfaces. Here, some of the important nanoporose structures synthesis methods and the fundamental science behind structure formation and modification during synthesis process and their applications in the fields of electrochemical energy harvesting are presented and discussed. Future perspectives and challenges are highlighted to demonstrate the prominence of porose nanostructures and the importance of surface engineering in next‐generation energy harvesting applications.