Abstract
The current review focuses on the role of bio-composites, natural fibres, and clays in active and intelligent food packaging. Because of their biodegradability, sustainability, and regenerative nature, these materials present a potential solution to increasing environmental problems. Natural fibres, clays, and bio-composites considerably enhance packaging material’s mechanical characteristics, thermal stability, and barrier performance, allowing for improved food preservation. Natural fibres, such as starch-based, wool-based, silk-based, and protein-based fibres, actively interact with packed food, improving shelf life and quality. Moreover, their incorporation into intelligent packaging systems aids in monitoringfood safety factors in real-time. Natural clays aid in the controlled release of active chemicals such as antibacterial agents and antioxidants due to their layered structure and high absorption capability. The ongoing research in this field hints at the significant potential of these materials, moving towards a more sustainable and environmentally conscious future for food packaging.
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