Abstract
The challenge of detecting intermediates in photo/electrocatalytic water splitting hinges critically on a profound understanding of processes across multiple spatial and temporal scales, encompassing electron excitation, electron transfer, interfacial reaction kinetics and so on. Advanced X-ray spectroscopies are powerful tools for analyzing complex processes at various scales. They offer non-destructive insights into electron dynamics, local structures, crystal lattices, and material distributions through absorption and imaging. This article provides an overview of the diverse applications of X-ray spectroscopies in the study of photo/electrocatalytic water splitting. It begins by introducing the fundamental principles of photo/electrocatalytic reactions for water splitting. Subsequently, it discusses the successful application of X-ray spectroscopic tools on the scales of energy resolution, temporal resolution, and spatial resolution in elucidating the mechanisms of chemical reactions in photo/electrocatalytic water splitting. Finally, the review looks forward to the development of advanced X-ray spectroscopies and their potential applications in catalytic water splitting reactions.
Published Version
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