Abstract
Advanced sidereal filtering (ASF) is an observation-domain sidereal filtering that adopts the repeat time of each individual satellite separately rather than the mean repeat time, adopted by the modified sidereal filtering (MSF). To evaluate the performance of ASF, we apply the method to filter the multipath for a short baseline based on a dual-antenna Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver. The errors from satellite and receiver clocks, satellite orbit, troposphere, ionosphere, and antenna phase center variations are greatly eliminated by single difference between the two antennas because they are connected to the same receiver clock. The performances of ASF are compared with MSF to evaluate the gain for multipath mitigation. Comparisons indicate that ASF slightly outperforms MSF when the repeat time values of all satellites incorporated in data processing are within the normal range (86,145–86,165 s), but the difference of variance reduction rate between ASF and MSF is statistically significant. When the data of a satellite with repeat time outside the normal range are included, the performances of MSF become much worse, but ASF is almost not affected. This advantage of ASF over MSF is important because the proportion of the days on which at least one satellite’s repeat time exceeds the normal range reaches 71.19% based on the statistics on the data of 2014 and 2015. After applying ASF multipath corrections on the test days, the averages of standard deviations of north, east, and up component are reduced from 3.8 to 2.1 mm, 3.2 to 1.7 mm, and 7.6 to 4.3 mm, respectively. Comparison between applying ASF with the single-day model and with the seven-day model indicates that the former is generally more effective in multipath reduction.
Highlights
The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) technique serves a wide range of applications in geoscience fields, e.g., GNSS geodesy [1,2], GNSS seismology [3,4,5], and GNSS meteorology [6,7,8]
This study focuses on Global Positioning System (GPS) multipath mitigation for a short baseline based on a dual-antenna clock synchronized GNSS receiver
Advanced sidereal filtering (ASF) is more effective in multipath reduction than modified sidereal filtering (MSF), which is statistically significant
Summary
The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) technique serves a wide range of applications in geoscience fields, e.g., GNSS geodesy [1,2], GNSS seismology [3,4,5], and GNSS meteorology [6,7,8]. For Global Positioning System (GPS), the satellites revisit a static ground station with the period near a sidereal day (23 h 56 min 04 s). The multipath effects, depending on the geometric relationships between the station and GPS satellites, repeat with the same period. On the basis of this time domain repeatability, Bock [10] and Genrich and Bock [11] proposed a method named sidereal filtering to mitigate GPS multipath effects. Due to its easy operation and high efficiency in multipath reduction, sidereal filtering is widely used, e.g., in improving detection of fault slips and seismic displacements [3,12,13,14] and in ameliorating calibration of absolute GPS antenna phase center variations [15,16]
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