Abstract
Two new polybenzoxazine products based on a reduced graphene oxide (rGO) were synthesized. The synthesis process started with an rGO with amino functionalities. Benzoxazine structures were synthesized with oxazine rings attached to the surface of rGO and were fully characterized by FT-IR, 1H–NMR, XPS and XRD. The presence of polybenzoxazine chains was pointed out by 1H–NMR and it correlated with XRD data which show a partial exfoliation of the graphene oxide layers. The degree of polymerization plays a significant role against the exfoliation process. A higher yield of the ring-opening process for benzoxazine rings leads to a low degree of exfoliation, as the inner covalent bonds within the polybenzoxazine chains keep the graphene oxide sheets together.
Highlights
Strong efforts have been made, in the last decade, to get high-performance polymer-based composites to meet recent demands in the electronic industry
We have previously reported the successful growth of the benzoxazine monomer on the surface of carboxylated graphene oxide, using two different methods, and have shown that the benzoxazine polymerization may occur either between the rings of the same graphene oxide (GO)
The 1H–NMR spectra of benzoxazine structures revealed that oxazine rings were respectively
Summary
Strong efforts have been made, in the last decade, to get high-performance polymer-based composites to meet recent demands in the electronic industry Due to their outstanding properties, polybenzoxazine resins have been extensively studied for many applications, such as for electrochromic materials [1], removal of mercury salts [2], gas separation membranes [3,4,5], and electro-catalysts for water splitting [6]. Because of its extensive H-bonding networks [8], the polybenzoxazine (PBZ) resins exhibit molecular-design flexibility, low water absorptions, high glass transition temperature (Tg ), near-zero volumetric shrinkage upon curing, and low flammability [9] Despite these important properties, the applications of pure-based benzoxazine polymers in high-tech industries have been limited, due to their brittleness, high curing-temperature and difficulty in processing them—especially into thin films and coatings [10]. Graphene sheets can be folded without causing them to break and they conduct heat and electricity better than any metal
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