Advanced optical materials for energy efficiency and solar conversion

Abstract

Optical materials and coatings play an important role in determining the efficiency of solar conversion processes. At present the best known coatings are heat mirrors, selective absorbers, and reflector materials. There are, however, many less known coatings and materials, some of which are under current research and development. Since they are of significant consequence to solar conversion and energy conservation, they will be included in this work. These films and materials are known as antireflective coatings or treatments, fluorescent concentrator materials, holographic films, cold mirrors, radiative cooling surfaces, optical switching films, and transparent insulation materials. The use of such films and materials improves the efficiency and stimulates innovation in passive and active solar energy conversion, photovoltaics, energv-efficient windows, and many hybrid designs. The presen study is intended to instruct readers on the propertiest of solar energy materials, and their function, as well as advantages and limitations. It is also materials, techniques, and concepts that can manipulate solar energy into the forms of heat,light, and electrical power. The materials stability requirements for effectively collecting and transmitting solar energy are extremely demanding. This combined with the need for inexpensive production methods creates a very broad area for innovative scientific research. The solutions to materials science and design problems are the responsibilities of a number of scientists, engineers, and educators working in many countries and in numerous fields. It is their strong commitment to solar energy that will further advance this energy source.