Advanced bio-nanoscaffold for bone tissue regeneration in animal model

Abstract

Bone tissue engineering is one of the fascinating areas in the field of tissue engineering that aims to develop new strategies for repair of defects in bones using state of the art technologies. New strategies for bone tissue regeneration such as scaffolding are highly encouraged and researched worldwide. The aim of this study was to construct novel scaffolds for regeneration of bone tissue. A base scaffold was synthesized with polyacrylonitrile (PAN) using electrospinning technique. This scaffold was coated with chitosan and then calcium doped zinc oxide nanocrystals were grown on its surface using hydrothermal treatment. The calcium was doped to the nanocrystals to give rise to osteoinductive property. The shape and size of the prepared scaffold was revealed by FE-SEM analysis and it was found to be rod-shaped nanocrystals with size around 218 nm. The XRD pattern and FTIR spectrum indicated the presence of ZnO. The biological characterization of the scaffolds showed superior protein adsorption, biodegradability, bioresorbability and biomineralization properties. In vitro cytotoxicity assessments indicate slight to mild toxicity of scaffolds to L929 and Saos-2 cells. The bone defect filling study using wistar rat indicate complete healing of bone tissue after 28th day of implantation of Ca-doped ZnO covered PAN-chitosan scaffold.