Abstract
This paper presents energy-efficient clustering protocols for three-tier heterogeneous wireless sensor networks (WSNs) along with their applications to the systems. The performance of a new dynamic, modified, probability-based approach to finding the most energy-efficient cluster head nodes is intended to extend network lifetime. Mathematical modeling and simulation results from using MATLAB-2017b provide a comparative analysis of several heterogeneous and homogeneous WSN variants in terms of energy consumption, active versus dead nodes, and network lifetime based on first node dead (FND) and last node dead (LND). ADV-LEACH2 in a three-tier heterogeneous network performs better than homogeneous and two-tier heterogeneous networks owing to super nodes with higher energy levels.
Published Version
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