Abstract
The applicability of cucumis sativus peel (CSP) waste as a low-cost adsorbent for the removal of hazardous methylene blue dye from wastewater was evaluated. The efficacy of dye removal of the adsorbent is determined by investigating the various parameters such as adsorbent dose, contact time, initial dye concentration, particle size, pH, and temperature. The adsorbent was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectroscopy. The isotherm analysis reveals that the adsorption process can be better described by Freundlich adsorption isotherm indicating the heterogeneous nature of the adsorbent surface. The deviation from normal or ideal Langmuir adsorption has been explained in light of non-idealized cooperative adsorption. Adsorption kinetics was found to obey pseudo-second order kinetics. Thermodynamic data reveals that the adsorption process is spontaneous and exothermic in nature. The values of ∆H° and ∆S° have been found to be negative which indicate that the feasibility of process decreases with increasing temperature. The isotherm and kinetics results have been compared and discussed with those available in the literature. The adsorbent regeneration was found to be best obtained in hydrochloric acid. The results indicate that CSP is an efficient low-cost adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue dye from wastewater.
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