Abstract
One new methodology for analysis of the antimicrobial oxolinic acid (OXA) based on adsorptive stripping voltammetry (AdSV) in carbon paste electrode (CPE) was developed and applied in untreated pond water sample. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) indicated that an irreversible anodic process occurs in KOH solution as supporting electrolyte. Quantification of the antimicrobial was carried out by differential pulse adsorptive stripping voltammetry (DPAdSV) at potential of deposition (ED) +1.05 V for 45 s to examine OXA adsorption on the surface of CPE. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) of the method for OXA analysis were determined. The values of LOD were 0.0570 and 0.512 mg L-1 in absence of matrix and in the water sample, respectively, and the corresponding values of LOQ were 0.192 and 1.707 mg L-1, respectively. The apparent recovery percentage for different concentrations of OXA in natural waters ranged between 98.4 and 109%.
Highlights
Water is essential for life and must be available in a safe, sustainable way
When carried out within a negative-potential interval, cyclic voltammetry did not show any reduction or oxidation peak for the experimental conditions employed in this study
The electrochemical characterization of oxolinic acid (OXA) was carried out by cyclic voltammetry in a 0.100 mol L–1 KOH solution as supporting electrolyte, showing an anodic peak at approximately +1.15 V, which is typical of an irreversible oxidation process effected with the transfer of one electron on the surface of a carbon paste electrode
Summary
Water is essential for life and must be available in a safe, sustainable way. The development of strategies for the rational use of water resources and novel methodologies to monitor their quality are indispensable so that availability is not supplanted by the demand for water.Animal production is one of the most expressive activities in the Brazilian agribusiness. Water is essential for life and must be available in a safe, sustainable way. The development of strategies for the rational use of water resources and novel methodologies to monitor their quality are indispensable so that availability is not supplanted by the demand for water. Animal production is one of the most expressive activities in the Brazilian agribusiness. The use of medicaments with therapeutic or prophylactic purposes is widely applied to ensure the productivity and competitiveness of the sector, by means of which better-quality food has certainly been produced.[1] Most veterinary medicaments are administered as feed additives or added to water to prevent disease or improve animal growth.[2] The use of these substances in the treatment of intensive livestock (cattle, pigs and poultry) and in aquaculture represents the main route of entry of antimicrobials into the environment and may lead to the contamination of aquatic and terrestrial environments.[3] They can enter the environment as isolated compounds or metabolites, conjugates, or both.[4]
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