Abstract
A novel magnetic composite nano-Fe3O4/MnO2 adsorbent was prepared using hydrothermal synthesis method and employed for the removal of Cd2+ from water. The adsorption performance and structural morphology of the novel adsorbent was evaluated. Adsorption experiments showed that the magnetic composite adsorbent was better than Fe3O4 adsorbent in removing Cd2+; 96% Cd2+ was removed. The effects of various factors, including adsorbent dosage, Cd2+ concentration, pH, temperature, Fe3O4/MnO2 and its precursors, were evaluated. Using the condition of 50 mg/L Cd2+ solution, the adsorption capacity of nano-Fe3O4/MnO2 was highest. Under the condition of 50 mg/L Cd2+ concentration, 0.2 g nano-Fe3O4/MnO2, 20 °C and pH 6, the removal efficiency of Cd2+ reached 78% and the adsorption capacity of them reached 9.7 mg/g. Additionally, the adsorption kinetics data for Fe3O4/MnO2 were better fitted to a pseudo second-order model, indicating the dominant role of chemisorption. The adsorption isotherm for Cd2+ was well fitted by the Langmuir model. Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) analyses showed that Fe3O4/MnO2 had super paramagnetic and ferromagnetic properties. X-ray diffract (XRD) spectra indicated that MnO2 in the nano-Fe3O4/MnO2 was amorphous; this amorphous character was likely the reason for the observed high adsorptive properties of the adsorbent and the high specific surface area. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) spectra analyses showed that the nanoparticle surface was uniform and spherical. Based on spectra, the surface structure and composition of nano-Fe3O4/MnO2 likely changed after coating with MnO2, and some new phases formed. The reported results have significant implications for the removal of Cd2+ from water.
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