Abstract
Freeze-dired, oven-dried, and nonmetabolizing live Rhizopus arrhizus biomass were tested for their capacity to adsorb the test ions, Sr 2+, cd 2+, and Cu 2+, over the pH range 4–6. Metal uptake values for each biomass type were found to increase in the order Cu 2+ > Cd 2+ > Sr 2+. Freeze-dried biomass proved to be the most efficient biomass type for metal adsorption, followed in order by oven-dried and live biomass for Sr 2+ systems, and live and oven-dried biomass for Cd 2+ and Cu 2+ systems. Each test ion displaced constant levels of Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ ions from the three biomass types, indicating that biomass pretreatment had no apparent effect on the ion-exchange capacity of Rhizopus arrhizus. Similarly, the levels of H + displacement resulting from test ion adsorption were unaffected by pretreatment but were found to increase in the order Cu 2+ > Cd 2+ > Sr 2+. Linear reciprocal Langmuir and Scatchard transformation plots reflected the predominantly ion-exchange mechanism of Sr 2+ and Cd 2+ adsorption, and a curved Scatchard transformation plot reflected the more covalent nature of Cu 2+ adsorption.
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