Abstract
In this study, Aspergillus niger (FS18) was used to remove the fluoride from aqueous medium. Batch and column mode studies were carried out to investigate the effect of different conditions such as live biomass, dead biomass, various pretreated biomass and immobilized fungal biomass on the removal of fluoride removal. The results showed that the maximum removal of fluoride was attained at 30–80 min using dead fungal biomass when compared to live and various pretreated biomass. The fluoride removal was noted somewhat in the aqueous medium using formaldehyde and acid treated biomass when compared to calcium treated fungal biomass. The experimental data was fitted with pseudo second order when compared to pseudo first order. In column study, the maximum fluoride adsorption capacity of 89% was observed. Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXA) techniques were used to elucidate the adsorption mechanism of dead fungal biosorbent. Findings of this work suggested that dead fungal biomass could be a suitable sorbent for the removal of fluoride in aqueous solution.
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