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Abstract
Abstract Batch experiments were conducted to investigate the adsorption of a widely used fluoroquinolone antibiotic levofloxacin (LEV) to goethite and effects of nitrate, sulfate, small organic acids, and humic acid (HA). The concentrations of LEV and small organic acids in single systems or mixtures were determined by a high-performance liquid chromatography. Presence of nitrate or sulfate almost had no influence on the adsorption of LEV to goethite. HA promoted the adsorption significantly, and similar results were also observed in column experiments. LEV adsorption to goethite increased slightly in the presence of small organic acids. The π–π interactions between LEV molecules and the aromatic ring of organic acids (or HA) might be the main mechanism. In column experiments, LEV adsorption to the goethite-coated sand was well fitted with the two-site nonequilibrium model using the CXTFIT 2.1 program within the software STANMOD. The desorption process was well predicted with the model using the same para...
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