Abstract
Cationic organic pollutants (dyes and pesticides) are mainly hydrosoluble and easily contaminate water and create a serious problem for biotic and abiotic species. The elimination of these dangerous contaminants from water was accomplished by adsorption using cyclodextrin nanosponges. These nanosponges were elaborated by the cross-linking between 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid and β-cyclodextrin in the presence of poly(vinyl alcohol). Their physicochemical characteristics were characterized by gravimetry, acid-base titration, TGA, 13C NMR, ATR-FTIR, Raman, X-ray diffraction, and Stereomicroscopy. The BP5 nanosponges displayed 68.4% yield, 3.31 mmol/g COOH groups, 0.16 mmol/g β-CD content, 54.2% swelling, 97.0% PQ removal, 96.7% SO removal, and 98.3% MG removal for 25 mg/L of initial concentration. The pseudo-second-order model was suitable for kinetics using 180 min of contact time. Langmuir isotherm was suitable for isotherm with the maximum adsorption of 120.5, 92.6, and 64.9 mg/g for paraquat (PQ), safranin (SO), and malachite green (MG) adsorption, respectively. Finally, the reusability performance after five regeneration times reached 94.1%, 91.6%, and 94.6% for PQ, SO, and MG adsorption, respectively.
Highlights
Published: 16 January 2022Water pollution contaminated by dyes and pesticides is still a recent issue that has intimidated both the ecosystem and human health
The adsorption of cationic contaminant removal because we reported in the previous work for similar efficiency of BP5 nanosponges towards PQ, SO, and malachite green (MG) molecules were 97.0%, 96.7%, and
The preparation of anionic nanosponges was achieved by cross-linking between 1,2,3,4butanetetracarboxylic acid and β-cyclodextrin in the presence of poly(vinyl alcohol)
Summary
Published: 16 January 2022Water pollution contaminated by dyes and pesticides is still a recent issue that has intimidated both the ecosystem and human health. The adsorption technique provides essential advantages for wastewater treatment such as high efficiency, design simplicity, ease of operation, low-cost process, reusability of adsorbents, selectivity of adsorbents, and flexibility for industry technology transfer. This adsorption process could remove any cationic, anionic, or neutral pollutants by innovative adsorbents. Paraquat (PQ) is a water-soluble agrochemical that is classified as a non-selective herbicide for plantation or defoliation. This herbicide threatens both the environment [1,2]. Different effective adsorbents were elaborated for PQ removal such as activated carbon [12], bentonite [13], bio-based material [14,15,16], carbon nanotubes [17], calixarene [18], cellulose nanofiber [19], cyclodextrin [20,21], graphene oxide [22], kaolin [23], magnetic adsorbent [24,25], microorganisms [26], montmorillonite [27], pillararene [28], and silica [29,30]
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