Adsorption and micelle formation of alkylammonium chloride–alkyltrimethylammonium chloride mixtures

Abstract

The surface tension of the aqueous solutions of binary cationic surfactant mixtures of (1) dodecylammnonium chloride (DAC)–tetradecyltrimethylammonium chloride (TTAC), (2) decylammonium chloride (DeAC)–dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride (DTAC), and (3) DAC–DTAC was measured as a function of the total molality and composition of surfactants at 298.15 K. The compositions of surfactants in the adsorbed film and micelle were evaluated and the phase diagram of adsorption and that of micelle formation were constructed. Furthermore the excess Gibbs energies of adsorption and micelle formation were calculated to estimate the deviation from the corresponding ideal mixing. It was found that the surface and micelle are enriched in trimethylammonium salts in (1) and (2), while in ammonium salt in (3) compared to the bulk solution. On the other hand, the micelle is enriched in trimethylammonium salts compared to the surface at the critical micelle concentration (CMC) in all the systems. The miscibility of the surfactants was clarified from the standpoints of the structure of the head group and of the matching between the size of polar head group of surfactants and the difference in hydrocarbon chain length.