Abstract
We examined the application of six different resins with the aim of selecting a macroporous resin suitable for purifying Acanthopanax senticosus total flavonoids (ASTFs) from Acanthopanax senticosus crude extract (EAS) by comparing their adsorption/desorption capacities, which led to the selection of HPD-600. Research on the adsorption mechanism showed that the adsorption process had pseudo-second-order kinetics and fit the Freundlich adsorption model. Moreover, the analysis of thermodynamic parameters indicated that the adsorption process is spontaneous and endothermic. The optimal conditions for purification of ASTFs were determined as sample pH of 3, 60% ethanol concentration, and 3 BV·h−1 flow rate, for both adsorption and desorption, using volumes of 2.5 and 4 BV, respectively. The application of macroporous resin HPD-600 to enrich ASTFs resulted in an increase in the purity of total flavonoids, from 28.79% to 50.57%. Additionally, the antioxidant capacity of ASTFs was higher than that of EAS, but both were lower than that of L-ascorbic acid. The changes in ASTFs compositions were determined using ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS), with the results illustrating that the levels of seven major flavonoids of ASTFs were increased compared to that in the crude extract.
Highlights
HPD-600 was the best choice for purifying Acanthopanax senticosus total flavonoids (ASTFs) from EAS among the six tested resins
ASTFs was higher than that of EAS, but it could not reach that of L-ascorbic acid
We found that the contents of seven flavonoids in the purification were higher than in the crude extract
Summary
The active components of AS include glycosides, polysaccharides, flavonoids, lignans, triterpenoids, and organic acids [4]. Flavonoids are one of the main effective components of AS, which have two forms: one is a free state, and the other is glycosides combined with carbohydrates. It is necessary to separate and purify ASTFs as the active components for medicinal application. Macroporous resin is prepared by polymerization reaction of various additives, such as polymerized monomer and crosslinking agent, porogen, dispersant, etc. It has the advantages of low costs [7], great adsorption performance [8], high reuse rate, good safety [9], and fewer interfering factors [10]. Macroporous resins can selectively adsorb the targeted constituents from aqueous and nonaqueous system through Van der
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