Abstract
Automatic packet reporting system (APRS) is selected as a candidate for automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) like solution for unmanned aircraft system traffic management (UTM). The APRS on-board unit (OBU) at 0.5 W radio power and a proper ground transceiver station (GTS) deployment together makes up the infrastructure for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) surveillance. The airborne APRS OBU, designed and built using an available LightAPRS module, and the GTS to relay received data into the UTM Cloud is developed in this study. By system integration, the APRS OBU reports position data and flight data periodically to UTM Cloud. This paper presents the development of the ADS-B like operation for UTM using APRS. To avoid communication jamming by HAMs, the adopted APRS shifts its carrying frequency from 144.64 MHz to 144.61 MHz. In addition, the data period is tuned to around 10 s to test its functional capability. The APRS OBU downlinks 90 bytes of surveillance data onto the UTM cloud using the Internet, including position and flight data from Pixhawk flight controller (FC). A series of system performance verifications are conducted to examine APRS ADS-B like reliability and continuity with coverage limit. Through 19 flight tests, the GTS collected 1330 packets of data out of 1331 transmitted from the APRS OBU. Each data packet has the complete 90 bytes for surveillance with position and six degree-of-freedom (DoF) flight data on the UTM cloud. The APRS GTS deployment, with a low rate of missing data, covers a 40 km radius at the specific frequency of 144.61 MHz. The test results verify the functional capability of APRS to support an ADS-B like for UTM in Taiwan.
Highlights
The CNS/ATM project by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) increased air traffic management (ATM) performance in the National Airspace System (NAS) by using the satellite technologies of global positioning system (GPS) and satellite communication (SATCOM) for seamless operation [1]
The test results verify the functional capability of Automatic packet reporting system (APRS) to support an automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) like for unmanned aircraft system traffic management (UTM) in Taiwan
The regional UTM (RUTM) and national UTM (NUTM) shown shown in Figure 1 are proposed for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) surveillance management under local government and CAA
Summary
The CNS/ATM project by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) increased air traffic management (ATM) performance in the National Airspace System (NAS) by using the satellite technologies of global positioning system (GPS) and satellite communication (SATCOM) for seamless operation [1]. Under this system infrastructure and environment, the automatic dependent surveillance (ADS) was developed to enforce aircraft surveillance by broadcasting its position data to aircraft and ground ATC centers in its vicinity. For UAV development, the unmanned aircraft system traffic management (UTM) proposed by the National Air and Space Administration (NASA) constructs a feasible and effective system to assist.
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